ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the role of music as a distraction technique to minimize anxiety during dental care in children aged 7 to 9 years when submitted to local anesthetic procedure. Method: This study was carried out in the Dentistry Module of the State University of Southwestern Bahia, located in the city of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. It was performed through the application of the Facial Image Scale, measurement of heart rate and blood pressure with the aid of the digital sphygmomanometer at two different times during pediatric dentistry care with and without the influence of classical music. Data were tabulated in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, expressed as medians and interquartile range. For inferential statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test was used and the analysis of the effect of music was calculated using the paired T-tests and Wilcoxon, considering a significance level of 95%. Results: The sample consisted of 7 children, mostly male, with a median of 8 years of age. Regarding the psychophysiological variables, no significant variations were observed compared to before and after in the groups with music and without music. Conclusion: In this study, no differences were found regarding the reduction of anxiety in the group in which music was used. Additional studies with a representative sample are needed.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o papel da música como técnica de distração para minimizar a ansiedade durante o atendimento odontológico em crianças de 7 a 9 anos de idade quando submetidas a procedimento anestésico local. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado no Módulo de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, situado na cidade de Jequié – BA. Foi realizado a partir da aplicação da Facial Image Scale, mensuração da frequência cardíaca e pressão arterial com auxílio do esfigmomanômetro digital em dois momentos distintos ao longo do atendimento em odontopediatria com e sem a influência da música clássica. Os dados foram tabulados no software Statistical Package for Social Sciences, versão 21.0, expressos como medianas e intervalo interquartílico. Para a estatística inferencial, utilizou-se o teste de normalidade Shapiro-Wilk e a análise do efeito da música foi calculada utilizando os testes T-pareado e o Wilcoxon, considerando nível de significância de 95%. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída por 7 crianças, pertencendo sua maioria ao sexo masculino, com uma mediana de 8 anos de idade. Em relação às variáveis psicofisiológicas, não foram observadas variações significativas em comparação ao antes e depois nos grupos com música e sem música. Conclusões: Neste estudo não foram encontradas diferenças no que diz respeito à redução da ansiedade no grupo em que a música foi utilizada, havendo necessidade de estudos adicionais, com amostra representativa.

RESUMO A Síndrome de Rubinstein Taybi tem origem genética no cromossomo 16. O paciente com essas condições apresenta características físicas, atraso no desenvolvimento físico e mental podendo apresentar alterações bucais. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de relatar um caso de reabilitação protética de um paciente com a síndrome que, devido a traumatismo dentário, perdeu precocemente elementos dentários. Paciente do sexo feminino, 4 anos e 7 meses de idade, com ausência dos incisivos centrais superiores decíduos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de anamnese, exames clínico e complementares. Após o diagnóstico e estabelecimento do plano de tratamento, foi confeccionada uma prótese do tipo Denari. A mesma possui um mecanismo tubo barra que permite o crescimento e o desenvolvimento maxilar. Ao término do tratamento, a responsável foi orientada a fazer visitas periódicas ao cirurgião-dentista para acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico da prótese, bem como a necessidade do tratamento com o fonoaudiólogo. A perda de dentes decíduos anteriores pode estar associada a trauma nessa região e a ausência dentária pode afetar o desenvolvimento e o comportamento das crianças promovendo uma mudança no cotidiano e impactando a qualidade de vida de toda a família. A prótese Denari é uma opção viável de tratamento, para crianças com essa síndrome, pois não impede o crescimento maxilar, restitui as funções do sistema estomatognático, previne hábitos bucais deletérios e auxilia na fonética. É necessário que o dentista esteja capacitado para oferecer o melhor tratamento para esses pacientes, pois a síndrome dificulta, mas não impede a execução.

ABSTRACT Rubinstein Taybi syndrome has a genetic origin in the chromosome 16. It has physical characteristics, delay in physical and mental development, and may present oral alterations. This paper aims to report a case of prosthetic rehabilitation of a patient with syndrome who, due to dental trauma, lost dental elements early. Female patient, 4 years and 7 months old, with loss of the deciduous maxillary central incisors. The data collection was carried out through anamnesis, clinical and complementary exams. After the diagnosis and the establishment of the treatment plan, we made a Denari type prosthesis. It has a tube-bar mechanism that allows maxillary growth and development. At the end of treatment, the caregiver was instructed to make periodic visits to the dentist for clinical and radiographic follow-up of the prosthesis, as well as the need for treatment with the speech therapist. The loss of anterior deciduous teeth can be associated with trauma in this region and the dental absence can affect the development and behavior of children, promoting a change in daily life and impacting the quality of life of the whole family. The Denari prosthesis is a viable treatment option for children with this syndrome, as it accompanies the maxillary growth, restores the functions of the stomatognathic system, prevents deleterious oral habits and helps with phonetics. It is necessary for the dentist to be able to offer the best treatment for these patients, as the syndrome makes it difficult, but does not impede its execution.

RESUMO Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar o efeito do plantio direto sobre a densidade do solo, o teor de carbono orgânico do solo e o estoque de carbono em Plintossolo Pétrico e Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Oxisols), localizados no município de Pontes e Lacerda, no Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. Os tratamentos foram vegetação nativa e plantio direto de 3, 8, 10 e 12 anos. Para as análises de carbono orgânico do solo amostras de solo foram coletadas em cada área, com três repetições, nas camadas de 0-0,05; 0,05-0,10; 0,10-0,20; 0,20-0,40; 0,40-0,60; 0,60-1,00; 1,00-1,50 e 1,50-2,00 m. Para a densidade do solo foram coletadas amostras indeformadas em 0-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m. Comparando-se com a vegetação nativa, os valores da densidade do solo aos 12 anos aumentaram 25% no Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo e 30% no Plintossolo. No Latossolo e Plintossolo, respectivamente, os teores de carbono orgânico foram, em média, 20,57; 25,04 g kg-1 na vegetação nativa; 16,82; 16,59 g kg-1 aos 3 anos de plantio direto; 13,31; 4,96 g kg-1 aos 8 anos; 16,52; 14,39 g kg-1 aos 10 anos; e 17,97; 18,53 g kg-1 aos12 anos. Em ambos os solos o plantio direto vem contribuindo para o aumento dos estoques de carbono ao longo dos anos, porém não em profundidade, limitando-se em geral até 0,20 m. Comparados à vegetação nativa, aos 12 anos de plantio direto houve diminuição dos estoques de carbono a uma taxa de 0,075 Mg ha-1 ano-1 no Plintossolo e um aumento de 2,3 Mg ha-1 ano-1 no Latossolo.

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of the no-tillage system on soil bulk density, soil organic carbon, and carbon stocks in Plinthic subgroups and Oxisols, located in Pontes and Lacerda, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The treatments were native vegetation and no-tillage systems established for 3, 8, 10, and 12 years. To analyse soil organic carbon, soils were sampled in each area, with three repetitions, at layers of 0-0.05; 0.05-0.10; 0.10-0.20; 0.20-0.40; 0.40-0.60; 0.60-1.00; 1.00-1.50 and 1.50-2.00 m. For soil bulk density, undisturbed samples were collected at layers of 0-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m. Compared with areas of native vegetation, soil bulk density values after 12 years increased by 25% in Oxisols and 30% in the Plinthic subgroups. In Oxisols and Plinthic subgroups, respectively, organic carbon concentration was, on average, 20.57, 25.04 g kg-1 under native vegetation; 16.82, 16.59 g kg-1 after 3 years of no-tillage; 13.31, 4.96 g kg-1 after 8 years; 16.52, 14.39 g kg-1 after 10 years; and 17.97, 18.53 g kg-1 after 12 years. In both soils, the no-tillage system contributed to an increase in carbon stocks over the years, but not at depth, being generally limited to the top 0.20 m of the soils. Compared to native vegetation, after 12 years of no-tillage, carbon stocks decreased at a rate of 0.075 Mg ha-1 year-1 in the Plinthic subgroups and increased by 2.3 Mg ha-1 year-1 in Oxisols.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate genotoxicity of zinc oxide, P. A. calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate and an iodoform paste using comet assay on human lymphocytes. Material and Methods: Two positive controls were used: methyl-methanesulfonate for the P.A. calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate; and doxorubicin for the iodoform paste and zinc oxide. There were also two negative controls: distilled water for the P.A. calcium hydroxide and mineral trioxide aggregate; and DMSO for the iodoform paste and zinc oxide. Comets were identified using fluorescence microscopy and 100 of them were counted on each of the three slides analyzed per drug test. A damage index was established, taking into consideration the score pattern that had previously been determined from the size and intensity of the comet tail. Analysis of variance, followed by Tukey’s test, was used to compare the means of the DNA damage indices. Results: The DNA damage index observed for mineral trioxide aggregate (7.08 to 8.58) and P.A. calcium hydroxide (6.50 to 8.33), which were similar to negative control index. On the other hand, damage index for zinc oxide (104.7 to 218.50) and iodoform paste (115.7 to 210.7) were similar to positive control index. Conclusion: Iodoform paste and zinc oxide showed genotoxicity at all concentrations used.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate levels of anxiety in children and adolescents related to age and experience of visits to the dentist using the modified Venham Picture Test (VPTm). Material and Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study with convenience sample. Children and adolescents of both sexes, subdivided into age groups of 6-9 years (A1 and A2) and 10-13 years (B1 and B2), in the waiting room of a Dental Clinic, were grouped according to the experience of visits to the dentist (have been to the dentist / have never been to the dentist). Descriptive statistics were mean, standard deviation and frequency of cases. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) was used for normality analysis, with 95% significance level. Inferential statistics was performed using the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests, with p<0.05. Results: In total, 60 children and 60 adolescents were evaluated, 65 (54.16%) males and 55 (45.83%) females. No differences were observed between genders in groups A1 and A2 (p=0.30) and B1 and B2 (p=0.94). The highest means of the VPTm scale were observed in groups A2 and B2 (2.87 ± 2.30 and 2.13 ± 1.29) and the lowest in groups A1 and B1 (1.13 ± 1.45 and 1.20 ± 1.29), respectively. Statistical differences were observed for the mean VPTm scores between age groups A1 and A2 (p=0.004) and B1 and B2 (p=0.018). Conclusion: The level of anxiety was inversely proportional to age, so younger children were more anxious; it was also observed that children and adolescents who had never been to the dentist tended to be more anxious.

SUMMARY: Supplementation is a strategy to potentiate physical training through hypertrophy of skeletal muscles, but other tissues such as the prostate may also be affected. Changes in prostate size and function are associated with the behavior of individuals, but evidence for an association with supplementation is scarce. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of b-hydroxy bmethylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation and concurrent training on the prostate. Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups with 10 animals each: control group (C), supplemented group (S), training group (T), and supplemented plus training group (TS). The supplemented groups (S and TS) received 76 mg·kg/day of HMB and the concurrent training groups (T and TS) performed exercise three times per week for eight weeks. HMB increased body composition, total weight of the prostate, and altered the histology of prostatic compartments. The lateral prostate of animals in the supplemented group had an increase in mast cells per mm2 (28.0 ± 3.9) compared to the control and exercise group (6.1 ± 3.0; 2.3 ± 0.9) There was also an increase in inflammation in the stroma and lumen of the prostate, and increased expression of androgen receptor (AR) in the supplemented and trained supplemented group (79.8 ± 2.1; 76.8 ± 11.4) in relation to the trained group (61.5 ± 7.0). We concluded that HMB alters hormone receptors that induce morphological changes and inflammation, and animals in the concurrent training group had normal inflammatory and hormonal profiles, and favorable prostatic histology.

RESUMEN: La suplementación con β-hidroxi β-metilbutirato (HMB) es una estrategia para potenciar el entrenamiento físico a través de la hipertrofia de los músculos esqueléticos, pero otros tejidos como la próstata también pueden verse afectados. Los cambios en el tamaño y la función de la próstata están asociados con el comportamiento de las personas, pero la evidencia de una asociación con la suplementación es escasa. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de nuestro estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la suplementación con β-hidroxi βmetilbutirato (HMB) y el entrenamiento concurrente en la próstata. Las ratas Wistar se dividieron aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos con 10 animales cada uno: grupo de control (C), grupo suplementado (S), grupo de entrenamiento (T) y grupo de entrenamiento suplementado (TS). Los grupos suplementados (S y TS) recibieron 76 mg•kg / día de HMB y los grupos de entrenamiento concurrentes (T y TS) realizaron ejercicio tres veces por semana durante ocho semanas. HMB aumentó la composición corporal, el peso total de la próstata y alteró la histología de los compartimentos prostáticos. La próstata lateral de los animales en el grupo suplementado tuvo un aumento en los mastocitos por mm2 (28,0 ± 3,9) en comparación con el grupo de control y ejercicio (6,1 ± 3,0; 2,3 ± 0,9) También hubo un aumento de la inflamación en el estroma y la luz de la próstata, y aumento de la expresión del receptor de andrógenos (AR) en el grupo suplementado y entrenado (79,8 ± 2,1; 76,8 ± 11,4) en relación con el grupo entrenado (61,5 ± 7,0). Concluimos que el HMB altera los receptores de hormonas que inducen cambios morfológicos e inflamación, y los animales en el grupo de entrenamiento concurrente tenían perfiles inflamatorios y hormonales normales y una histología prostática favorable.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation in association with concurrent training on morphological soleus muscle of rats. Wistar male rats were divided randomly into four groups: Control (C), Supplemented (S), Training (T) and Training + Supplemented (TS). Groups S and TS received 76mg/kg/day of HMB and the training groups (T and TS) were inserted into concurrent training program 3 times/week for 8 weeks. HMB had positive effects either on body composition of the animals or in type II muscle fibers. The concurrent exercise training was able in reducing the total fat mass as well as in increasing the diameter of muscle fibers. Our findings shows that HMB had an anti-catabolic effect with reference to the parameters of volume, weight and morphology of the soleus muscle, and there was a positive interaction between HMB supplementation and concurrent exercise training.

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a saúde bucal de adolescentes nas cidades de Recife e Feira de Santana, pela avaliação de higiene bucal, cárie dentária e doença periodontal. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 40 adolescentes com 10 a 18 anos de idade em Recife, em estudo exploratório, em 2005 e, em Feira de Santana, 971 adolescentes com 12 anos idade, num estudo de prevalência, em 2002. Avaliaram-se: cárie, pelo número de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados; placa dentária visível, sangramento gengival e condição periodontal. Para análise, utilizaram-se os testes Quiquadrado, Kruskall-Wallis, Exato de Fisher, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos adolescentes realizavam higiene oral três vezes ao dia. Os valores do CPOD apresentaram mediana de 1,5 em Recife e médias de 1,89 nas escolas estaduais, 2,17 nas municipais e 2,39 nas particulares, em Feira de Santana. O sangramento gengival em Recife teve mediana de 27% e, em Feira de Santana, a média de sextantes sadios foi de 4,36, 4,08 e 5,16, nas escolas estaduais, municipais e particulares respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A freqüência da cárie dentária foi baixa, a maioria dos adolescentes relatou bons hábitos de higiene bucal e a condição periodontal nos adolescentes foi favorável.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the oral health in adolescents in the cities of Recife and Feira de Santana, Northeast Brazil by assessment of personal hygiene and dental cavities and periodontal disease. METHOD: Forty adolescents between ten and eighteen years old were assessed through an exploratory study run in Recife in 2005. In Feira de Santana, 971 adolescents (twelve years old) were examined through a cross section study in 2002. It was assessed cavity status through the number of cavitied, missing and filled teeth, visible dental plaque, bleeding gums and periodontal status. The analysis was based on Chi-Square, Kruskall-Wallis and Fisher tests, with a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS: The most of adolescents followed oral hygiene practices three times a day. The DMTF values presented a median of 1.5 in Recife and averages of 1.89 in state schools, 2.17 in municipal schools and 2.39 in private schools in Feira de Santana. The bleeding gum in Recife presented a median of 27%, and in Feira de Santana the healthy sextant averages of 4.36, 4.08 and 5.16 in state, municipal and private schools respectively. CONCLUSION: The frequency of the dental cavities was low, with most of the adolescents reporting good habits of oral hygiene and favorable periodontal conditions.

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a saúde bucal de adolescentes nas cidades de Recife e Feira de Santana, pela avaliação de higiene bucal, cárie dentária e doença periodontal. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 40 adolescentes com 10 a 18 anos de idade em Recife, em estudo exploratório, em 2005 e, em Feira de Santana, 971 adolescentes com 12 anos idade, num estudo de prevalência, em 2002. Avaliaram-se: cárie, pelo número de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados; placa dentária visível, sangramento gengival e condição periodontal. Para análise, utilizaram-se os testes Quiquadrado, Kruskall-Wallis, Exato de Fisher, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos adolescentes realizavam higiene oral três vezes ao dia. Os valores do CPOD apresentaram mediana de 1,5 em Recife e médias de 1,89 nas escolas estaduais, 2,17 nas municipais e 2,39 nas particulares, em Feira de Santana. O sangramento gengival em Recife teve mediana de 27% e, em Feira de Santana, a média de sextantes sadios foi de 4,36, 4,08 e 5,16, nas escolas estaduais, municipais e particulares respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: A freqüência da cárie dentária foi baixa, a maioria dos adolescentes relatou bons hábitos de higiene bucal e a condição periodontal nos adolescentes foi favorável.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the oral health in adolescents in the cities of Recife and Feira de Santana, Northeast Brazil by assessment of personal hygiene and dental cavities and periodontal disease. METHOD: Forty adolescents between ten and eighteen years old were assessed through an exploratory study run in Recife in 2005. In Feira de Santana, 971 adolescents (twelve years old) were examined through a cross section study in 2002. It was assessed cavity status through the number of cavitied, missing and filled teeth, visible dental plaque, bleeding gums and periodontal status. The analysis was based on Chi-Square, Kruskall-Wallis and Fisher tests, with a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS: The most of adolescents followed oral hygiene practices three times a day. The DMTF values presented a median of 1.5 in Recife and averages of 1.89 in state schools, 2.17 in municipal schools and 2.39 in private schools in Feira de Santana. The bleeding gum in Recife presented a median of 27%, and in Feira de Santana the healthy sextant averages of 4.36, 4.08 and 5.16 in state, municipal and private schools respectively. CONCLUSION: The frequency of the dental cavities was low, with most of the adolescents reporting good habits of oral hygiene and favorable periodontal conditions.

Apresentamos um caso de uma lactente de dois meses de idade acometida pela forma recessiva da condrodisplasia punctata, doença caracterizada, radiologicamente, por acentuado encurtamento proximal e distúrbio de ossificação (epífises puntiformes) dos membros. São enfatizados os achados clínico-radiológicos, bem como seus principais diagnósticos diferenciais, baseados em dados de breve revisão da literatura.

The authors present a case of a 2-month-old infant affected by the recessive form of chondrodysplasia punctata, a rare condition radiologically characterized by severe proximal shortening and anomalous ossification (epiphyseal stippling) of the limbs. Clinical and radiological findings as well as main differential diagnoses are emphasized on the basis of data originating from a brief literature review.

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a existência de sofrimento psíquico entre policiais civis, segundo diferenças de gênero. Analisa dados de pesquisa anterior sobre condições de trabalho, saúde e qualidade de vida desses profissionais, usando métodos quantitativo e qualitativo. No presente estudo são considerados e testados alguns dados do questionário aplicado à amostra estatisticamente representativa de 2.746 (80,8% homens e 19,2% mulheres) policiais civis da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, segundo a variável gênero e inserção nos distintos estratos de organização da atividade policial (setores administrativo, técnico e operacional). Apresenta um breve panorama das características sócio-econômicas, das condições de trabalho, dos problemas de saúde e da qualidade de vida desses policiais, destacando as informações em que a variável gênero aparece como fator diferenciador. O Self-Reported Questionaire (SRQ-20) é o instrumento a partir do qual se investigou sofrimento psíquico. Os resultados não indicam diferença de sofrimento psíquico entre os gêneros, mas apontam para a existência de diferenças significativas em alguns itens da escala. As policiais, sobretudo as técnicas, apresentam maiores proporções em relação aos homens. Esses achados são corroborados por algumas pesquisas anteriores.

This study aimed to investigate potential psychological distress among members of the civilian police force, based on gender differences. It analyzes data from previous research on work, health conditions, and quality of life in the civilian police using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study included and tested data from the questionnaire applied to a statistically representative sample of 2,746 civilian police (80.8% males and 19.2% females) from the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, according to gender variables and position in the police force (administrative, technical, and operational law enforcement). The study presents an overview of social and economic characteristics, job conditions, health problems, and quality of life, highlighting the areas of information where gender appears as an important factor. The Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to investigate psychological distress comparing males and females. The results did not show gender differences in psychological distress, but did identify significant differences in some items in the scale. Female police, especially in technical positions, showed a higher proportion than males. The conclusions corroborate some previous research.

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a existência de sofrimento psíquico entre policiais civis, segundo diferenças de gênero. Analisa dados de pesquisa anterior sobre condições de trabalho, saúde e qualidade de vida desses profissionais, usando métodos quantitativo e qualitativo. No presente estudo são considerados e testados alguns dados do questionário aplicado à amostra estatisticamente representativa de 2.746 (80,8% homens e 19,2% mulheres) policiais civis da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, segundo a variável gênero e inserção nos distintos estratos de organização da atividade policial (setores administrativo, técnico e operacional). Apresenta um breve panorama das características sócio-econômicas, das condições de trabalho, dos problemas de saúde e da qualidade de vida desses policiais, destacando as informações em que a variável gênero aparece como fator diferenciador. O Self-Reported Questionaire (SRQ-20) é o instrumento a partir do qual se investigou sofrimento psíquico. Os resultados não indicam diferença de sofrimento psíquico entre os gêneros, mas apontam para a existência de diferenças significativas em alguns itens da escala. As policiais, sobretudo as técnicas, apresentam maiores proporções em relação aos homens. Esses achados são corroborados por algumas pesquisas anteriores.

This study aimed to investigate potential psychological distress among members of the civilian police force, based on gender differences. It analyzes data from previous research on work, health conditions, and quality of life in the civilian police using both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study included and tested data from the questionnaire applied to a statistically representative sample of 2,746 civilian police (80.8% males and 19.2% females) from the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, according to gender variables and position in the police force (administrative, technical, and operational law enforcement). The study presents an overview of social and economic characteristics, job conditions, health problems, and quality of life, highlighting the areas of information where gender appears as an important factor. The Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to investigate psychological distress comparing males and females. The results did not show gender differences in psychological distress, but did identify significant differences in some items in the scale. Female police, especially in technical positions, showed a higher proportion than males. The conclusions corroborate some previous research.